The organizational chart in Figure 8 shows a chairman at the top of the hierarchy and a managing director, quality assurance leader and a secretary reporting directly to the chairman. An organizational chart is usually created and maintained by human resource professionals who want a visual view of their organization’s structure and reporting relationships so they can make better decisions about leveraging the company’s talent. Usually, the organizational chart will have a chairman or CEO at the top, followed by a team of presidents and vice presidents, and then their direct reports, and so on. Organizational charts (sometimes call hierarchy charts) show the people in an organization and their reporting relationships. As you can see, the Market and Planning Teams have additional work to contribute even after their milestones are hit, and the project is not complete until the end of November. Then, the Planning Team (blue) takes over with the overall architecture and project planning and is responsible for hitting that second milestone on August 6th. The Market Team (red) completes the market research and defines specifications by the week of July 23rd (the date of the first milestone). In Figure 8, you have two different teams running one project. Each bar is valued at 100%, and the colored blocks represent different levels of pet ownership within the population. The categories in this chart are represented by bars, but the bars themselves are composition charts. You can compare categories with a “pie chart” approach, incorporating the composition factor in a variety of ways. Sometimes they’re shaped like donuts, and other times they’re shown using bars, as we’ll see next. Some comparison charts aren’t shaped like a circle. A chart like this makes it very easy to see that the clothing and accessory departments make up the largest section of sales, and fragrances the smallest. In Figure 3, the whole pie (the whole circle) represents the total products sold at a store the pieces of that pie show you the percentage of sales each department made. It can be as simple as “the team here is composed of 50 percent men and 50 percent women” or “Our sales are made up of 30 percent fiction books and 70 percent non-fiction.” Pie charts show the composition of data, or the pieces of a whole. You can’t help but notice it-it breaks pattern and it’s a bold color that draws the eye. This is clearly identified on this chart with bars in contrasting colors. The taller the bar, the more dollars were spent. This chart clearly shows that the United States spends more on health care per citizen than other countries. The y-axis (the vertical line) isn’t marked here, but it’s clearly showing dollars spent in millions. The x-axis (the horizontal line at the bottom of a graph) is usually used to show the categories: in this case, countries with universal healthcare expenses for 2015. Let’s talk about a few of the most common types of numerical charts:īar graphs are used to compare categories. Here are some of the more commonly used graphs and the kinds of stories they can help you tell. In this age of information, there are huge amounts of data to process and an equally impressive number of graphs and charts you can use to tell the data’s story. Discuss the appropriate use of common tables, charts, and infographics.
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